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According to the Regulations on the procedure for awarding scientific degrees, the dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Science should be a scientific qualification work in which, based on the author’s research, theoretical provisions have been developed, a combination of which can be qualified as a scientific achievement, or solved a scientific problem that has an important political, socio-economic, cultural or economic importance, or set out scientifically sound technical, technological or other solutions, the implementation of which makes the knowledge, skills and knowledge of the author.

Dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Sciences should be scientific-qualification work, which contains the solution of a problem that is essential for the relevant branch of knowledge, or set out scientifically sound technical, technological or other solutions and developments that are essential for the development of the country. The applicant for the degree of Candidate of Sciences presents the dissertation in the form of a specially prepared manuscript or published monograph.

The dissertation should be written by the author himself, have internal unity, contain new scientific results and provisions put forward for public defense, and testify to the personal contribution of the author to science. The solutions proposed by the author must be reasoned and evaluated in comparison with other known solutions. In the dissertation having applied character, the information on practical use of scientific results received by the author, and in the dissertation having theoretical character – recommendations on use of scientific conclusions should be resulted. The design of the thesis should meet the requirements established by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. Dissertation is written in Russian. When writing a dissertation, the applicant must refer to the author and (or) the source of borrowing materials or individual results. When using in the dissertation ideas or developments belonging to co-authors with whom scientific works were collectively written, the applicant is obliged to note this fact in the dissertation. These references should also be made with respect to scientific works of the applicant, performed by him alone or in co-authorship.

The main scientific results of the dissertation should be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and publications.

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The procedure of public defending a dissertation is regulated in detail by the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science. The main stages:

1. The Chairman of the Dissertation Council announces the dissertation defense by the candidate, indicating the name of the candidate, the subject of the dissertation, its specialty, the leading organization and the names of official opponents.

2. The Scientific Secretary of the Council reports on the main content of the documents submitted to the board, summarizes the biography of the applicant, read out summaries of the responses of the leading organization and official opponents, as well as other reviews of the dissertation and the abstract.

3. The candidate makes a report on the content of the work.

4. The members of the dissertation council ask the candidate questions. It is up to the applicant to decide whether to answer the questions immediately or after the review of the leading organization.

5. The Scientific Secretary of the Dissertation Council reads the feedback of the leading organization, as well as the feedback received on the author’s abstract.

6. The candidate answers the comments contained in the review of the leading organization and in the reviews of the author’s abstract, as well as questions from the members of the dissertation council.

7. Official opponents give feedback on the dissertation.

8. The candidate responds to the comments made by official opponents.

9. The members of the dissertation council, as well as those present, speak on the essence of the dissertation research.

10. The Chairman summarizes the results and proposes the election of a counting commission consisting of three members of the Dissertation Council.

11. The candidate makes a closing statement.

12. There is a secret ballot. The counting board draws up the results and fills in a special protocol. The Chairman of the counting commission announces the results of the voting, and the Dissertation Council approves the minutes of the counting commission by open voting. The decision of the Dissertation Council on the issue of awarding the degree of Doctor or Candidate of Sciences is considered positive, if at least two thirds of the members of the Council who participated in the meeting voted for it.

13. The Chairman of the Dissertation Council announces the results of the defense, the awarding (or not awarding) of the degree.

14. The members of the dissertation council discuss and approve the draft conclusion on the dissertation.

15. The conclusion is adopted by open voting by a simple majority of votes of the members of the Council attending the meeting, after which it is announced to the applicant. At this meeting of the Council is considered to be finished.
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